Homeowners Battling a Weedy Orchid Invading Lawns and Flowerbeds

By Angie Tenney

Michigan State University

Broad-leaved helleborine (Epipactis helleborine) is quickly becoming a problem for homeowners this spring. We have had multiple samples submitted to MSU Diagnostic Services. This plant is in the orchid family, Orchidaceae, and is sometimes referred to as a “weedy” orchid. It was intentionally introduced from Europe and is spreading throughout Michigan in lawns, flower beds and along driveways.

According to Voss’s Michigan Flora, roots and seeds of helleborine obtained from New York were intentionally planted in Niles, Mich. in 1891. It was noted to be widely established in the Niles area by 1919. It is not known whether any other plants discovered throughout Michigan were derived from this population.

Helleborine is a monocot that arises from fleshy roots or rhizomes. This allows for several stems to develop from the same rootstock. The leaves are alternate, parallel veined, sessile and clasp at the stem. The flowers are bilaterally symmetrical and are greenish-white with a violet tint. This plant can grow up to 36 inches tall.

Control of this plant is proving to be quite difficult. After consulting several specialists on campus, there appears to be no magic bullet. There has been no research on the effectiveness of herbicides on this particular plant. The plants can be removed by hand, but it is important to get all the roots because any pieces left in the soil can sprout new plants.

Reports from clients indicate that single doses of glyphosate (Roundup) are not effective. It has been suggested that trying products that contain 2,4-D or triclopyr (or both) may be effective as these will often control non-grass monocots. Repeat applications may be necessary. It is important to always read and follow labeled directions to prevent injury to non-target plants.

This article was published by MSU Extension. For more information, visit http://www.msue.msu.edu. To contact an expert in your area, visit http://expert.msue.msu.edu, or call 1-888-MSUE4MI.